中文摘要：

大模场单模光纤在高功率激光器、高功率光传输和高灵敏度传感器等领域具有重要意义．设计了一种新型超低损耗大模场单模光纤，包层空气孔由掺氟硅玻璃棒代替，掺氟硅玻璃棒排列呈六重准晶体结构．基于有限元法对光纤的传输特性进行了数值模拟．研究了光纤结构参量变化对模式特性和有效模场面积的影响．结果表明：波长在1064nm处，有效模场面积高达5197μm^2，基模的限制性损耗低于10^-5dB／km，解决了大模场与低损耗之间的冲突；在1064-2000nm波段内，基模与二阶模的限制性损耗相差7个量级，实现单模传输；半径为10cm时，弯曲损耗小于0．01dB／m，具有良好的低弯曲损耗特性．此光纤能够提高光纤热损伤阈值，减少接续损耗，全固态结构有效避免了空气孔塌陷，简化制备工艺，对高功率激光传输、光纤激光器和光纤放大器的发展具有重要意义．

英文摘要：

Large-mode-area single-mode fibers play an important role in the field of high power lasers, high power delivery, and high sensitivity sensor. A novel all-solid large-mode-area single-mode photonic quasi-crystal fiber with extremely low loss is proposed. This kind of fiber contains a hexagonal quasi-crystal array of slightly fluorine-doped silica rods in a silica background. Its structure and properties are simulated numerically in virtue of finite element method. Effects of variation of d/A, or A on fiber loss and effective mode-area properties are investigated. Numerical results demonstrate that an effective mode-area of 5197 μm^2, low confinement loss of 10^-5 dB/km for fundamental mode and high confinement loss of 100 dB/km of second-order mode at a wavelength of 1064 nm. Numerical simulations show that this fiber can operate effectively in single-mode and remove the conflict between large-mode-area and low loss. Moreover, the bending loss for a bending radius of 10 cm is as low as 0.01 dB/m. This fiber can increase the thermal damage threshold of the PQF, decrease the coupling loss and simplify the fabrication process. The design of new fibers is highly meaningful for the development of high power delivery, fiber lasers, and fiber amplifiers.