中文摘要：

采用大涡模拟法和FW—H方程计算截面为矩形、圆形、椭圆形时受电弓绝缘子的气动噪声，确定了优化的受电弓绝缘子截面形状。研究结果表明：对同一个模型，噪声在各声接收点的分布规律基本相同，只是幅值不同；对不同模型，声压在各声接收点的分布规律不同；绝缘子截面从矩形-圆形-椭圆形，最大声压所在的频率区逐渐降低；从降低气动噪声的角度出发，优化的绝缘子截面形状应该是椭圆形，且椭圆的长轴应跟气流流向一致；加大受电弓零部件尺寸，减少受电弓零部件数量，有利于降低受电弓的气动噪声。

英文摘要：

By using large eddy simulation and FW - H equation, the aerodynamic noises radiated from pantograph insulators were calculated, including rectangular, circular, oval - shaped cross - section insulators, the opti- mized cross- section shape was confirmed. The results show that in the same model, the sound pressure level （SPL） distribution at each sound receiver point from different sound receivers is basically the same, but the am- plitude is reduced with the increase of distance from insulators. In different models, the SPL distribution is dif- ferent at each frequency point. From rectangular, circular to oval shaped cross - section model, the freguency of the maxmium SPL gradually reduces. For reducing aerodynamic noise, the oval section insulator is optimal, and the long oval axis should be consistent with the air flow. The pantograph with bigger parts size and less parts number is helpful to reduce the aerodynamic noise.