中文摘要：

设计合成并表征了N-甲基吡咯烷酮磷酸盐（[NMPH]H2PO4）、己内酰胺磷酸盐（[NHCH]H2PO4）、N,N′-二甲基甲酰胺磷酸盐（[DMFH]H2PO4）和N,N′-二甲基乙酰胺磷酸盐（[DMEH]H2PO4）等酰胺类质子酸离子液体;将其用于β-苯乙醇和丁烯酮的Oxa-Michael加成反应中,考察了离子液体阳离子结构、离子液体用量、底物配比、反应温度和时间对Oxa-Michael加成反应性能的影响.结果表明,以[NMPH]H2PO4为催化剂,β-苯乙醇/丁烯酮=1/2（摩尔比）,室温反应24h时,苯乙醇的转化率可达95%.离子液体重复使用5次后,依然保持较高的催化活性.通过比较发现,酰胺类酸性离子液体催化活性高于具有相同阴离子的咪唑离子液体,表明阳离子结构对加成反应性能的影响很大.据此提出了酰胺类离子液体催化Oxa-Michael加成可能的反应机理,并通过核磁和对比实验进行了证明.

英文摘要：

A series of acidic ionic liquids,including N-methyl-2-pyrrolidonium dihydrogen phosphate（[NMPH]H2PO4）,caprolactam dihy-drogen phosphate（[NHCH]H2PO4）,N,N＇-dimethylformamide dihydrogen phosphate（[DMFH]H2PO4）,and N,N＇-dimethylacetamide dihy-drogen phosphate（[DMEH]H2PO4）,were synthesized and characterized.Oxa-Michael addition of β-phenylethanol to methyl vinyl ketone（MVK） was used as a model reaction.The effects of cation structure,ionic liquid amount,β-phenylethanol/MVK ratio,reaction temperature,and reaction time were measured.Under the optimized conditions of n（β-phenylethanol）：n（MVK）=1：2,25 °C,24 h and using [NMPH]H2PO4 as catalyst,the β-phenylethanol conversion was 95%.The ionic liquid was stable and could be reused at least 5 times with a slight loss of activity.All the amide-based acidic ionic liquids gave higher conversion compared with imidazolium acidic ionic liquid,which showed that the effect of cation structure was important.A possible reaction mechanism was proposed and the evidence for the role of am-ide-based acidic ionic liquids in Oxa-Michael addition was given.