中文摘要：

在全球气候变化的背景下,极端降水导致的港口及港口城市突发性洪水问题受到越来越多的关注。为了获得精确的高分辨率洪水淹没图,以英国港口城市利物浦为例,基于有限体积法的Godunov格式和HLLC近似黎曼解,利用计算机图形处理器并行计算求解二维浅水方程,模拟了极端降水情景下突发性洪水在港口城市复杂地形上形成的表面径流,研究港口区域及其集疏运道路的淹没情况。研究结果表明,突发性洪水对利物浦港口码头区域影响甚小,但对港口堆场、后方服务区、临港工业区以及集疏运道路有不同程度的影响。研究成果可以为港口及其集疏运规划提供理论支撑。

英文摘要：

Under the global climate change,flash flooding in ports and port cities caused by extreme precipitation has attracted increasing attention. In order to obtain high-resolution flood inundation maps,this study takes advantage of the enhanced computational power of graphics processing units to conduct parallel computing of the two-dimensional shallow water equations using the finite-volume Godunov-type scheme incorporated with the HLLC Riemann solver. The resulting model is then used to simulate extreme rainfall induced flash floods in a port city with complex topography and investigate the flood impact on the port area and its collecting and distributing system. The results demonstrate that pluvial flash floods may not have major impact on the Liverpool dock area. However,floods may affect port storage yards,rear service areas,port-centered industrial zones and collecting and distributing roads in varying degrees. The research results could provide theoretical support for the port planning and the planning of collecting and distributing system associated with ports.