中文摘要：

寻找一种高特异性高灵敏度的方法对于前列腺癌的早期发现和及早干预，进而提高患者的生存率及生活质量十分重要。适配体（Aptamer）是由一段寡聚核苷酸链折叠形成的特定三维结构，能高亲和性、高特异性地靶向不同的分子。自上世纪90年代，许多研究者致力于适配体的研究，目前，适配体在药物递送、肿瘤诊疗等方面的研究已取得较大进展。本文将对前列腺癌适配体新近的研究进展及其应用进行综述，以期为将来进一步的研究和临床应用提供参考。

英文摘要：

Currently, the establishment of early, precise diagnosis and targeted therapy strategy of prostate cancer has been an ur- gent task. Aptamers are a class of oligonucleotides which can specifically bind to different targets with high affinity. Since their discovery in 1990s, aptamers have attracted considerable interests in medical applications. So far, initial researches on specific diagnosis and targeted therapy in the early as well as using aptamers as delivery systems have produced exciting results. In this paper, we reviewed recent progress in aptamer as a novel tool in specific diagnosis and targeted therapy of prostate cancer, which are references for future study and applications in clinic.