中文摘要：

深入研究暂态能量在网络中的分布变化规律,可以为电力系统稳定预测,电力系统脆弱环节的识别,以及电力系统的监测、控制装置在网络中的合理布点提供依据。文中通过分析等值两机系统受扰动后支路相角差、电压以及暂态势能的分布变化规律,揭示三者之间的内在联系,并从几何角度证明了支路相角差的变化与网络结构的关系。分析显示,支路势能的分布与相角差的变化是吻合的,在系统受扰动后而使其功角逐渐拉开的过程中,能量并不是均匀或按比例地分布在各支路中,而是随着稳定程度的逐渐恶化,越靠近振荡中心,单位长度电抗暂态势能分布越多,稳定裕度越小。当系统失稳时,包含振荡中心的支路暂态势能分布趋于无界;而所有不包含振荡中心的支路,其势能分布均为有界。对于多机系统网络,能量的散播仍主要取决于网络的拓扑结构和参数。仿真结果验证了所提方法的正确性。

英文摘要：

An in-depth study on the rule of change in transient energy distribution in the network can provide a basis for the forecast of power system stability, the recognition of power system vulnerable region, and the rational locating of monitoring and control devices in the network. By analyzing the change rule of branch phase-angle difference, voltage, transient energy distribution after the equivalent two-machine system is disturbed, this paper reveals the internal relationship between them. And the relationship between the change in branch phase-angle difference and the network structure is proved from the perspective of geometry. It is shown that the distribution of branch potential energy coincides with the variation of phase-angle difference. In the process of the power angle gradually broadening after the system perturbation, the energy is not evenly distributed in all the branches. Rather, with the gradual deterioration of stability degree, the nearer the position is to the oscillation center, the more the transient potential energy distribution of per unit reactance will be, and the smaller the stability margin will be. When the system loses stability, for the branches including the oscillation center, their transient potential energy distribution will be unbounded whereas for all the branches not including the oscillation center, their potential energy distribution is bounded. For the multi-machine system, however, the spread of energy still depends on the structure and parameter of network. Simulation results have proved the correctness of the proposed method.