中文摘要：

综合考虑半波长输电线路潜供电弧所受电磁力、热浮力、风载荷和空气阻力的多场耦合作用,并纳入链式电弧模型,建立了潜供电弧的受力方程和运动模型。通过深入分析弧根的形成与运动机制,建立了潜供电弧的弧根模型,并提出电流元长度的最优选取方法。开展了半波长潜供电弧的物理模拟实验,并将仿真结果与实验结果进行对比,验证了所建仿真模型的有效性。通过比较不同潜供电流、风速和风向下潜供电弧的运动轨迹与自熄时间,分析了风载荷、热浮力与电磁力对电弧的作用机制,表明所建电弧模型能有效计及风载荷对潜供电弧运动与自熄特性的影响。基于仿真分析,获得了不同起弧位置的电弧运动轨迹与自熄时间,指出在电极始端起弧时潜供电弧的自熄时间更长,较难熄灭。仿真结果再现了潜供电弧向电极末端运动过程中上弧根的跳跃现象,这可合理解释实验中上弧根位置与弧柱比较接近而落后于下弧根的情形。

英文摘要：

An arc chain model was adopted to integrate the electromagnetic force, the thermal buoyancy, the wind load force and the air resistance as to establish the stress equations as well as dynamic model of the secondary arcs with half-wavelength transmission lines. With extensive analysis of the arc formation and movement mechanisms, an arc root model was also given and a criterion for optimal length selection of the current element in simulation was proposed. The simulation results were compared with the experimental ones to verify the validity of the proposed models. The acting mechanism of the electromagnetic force, the thermal buoyancy and the wind load force on the secondary arcs was elucidated in terms of the arc trajectory and self-extinction time under different secondary current, wind speed and wind direction, which indicated that the proposed arc models can effectively count in the wind load effect on the arc motion and self-extinction characteristics. The secondary arc trajectory and self-extinction time regarding different initial arcing position were obtained based on simulation studies, which showed that initial arcing at the end of the electrodes presented long duration time and was difficult to be extinguished. The simulations also reproduced the jumping phenomenon of the upper root during arc moving to the end of the electrodes, which can reasonably justify the experimentally found case that the upper arc root position was relatively close to the arc column but behind the lower arc root.