中文摘要：

持久性有机污染场地土壤淋洗法是污染场地土壤物化修复方法中一种常用的技术。淋洗法是指运用特定淋洗剂对污染土壤进行深度洗涤，通过分离净化淋洗剂，实现回用集成，达到去除土壤中污染物的目的，并最终安全化处置污染物和修复土壤的过程。本文根据污染场地土壤处理位置、淋洗剂种类和淋洗剂施用方式的差异，将持久性有机污染场地土壤淋洗法划分为不同的种类；总结了为达到高效去除土壤中污染物质，可运用多级淋洗方式、超声方式、电动力方式和化学氧化等方式实现强化修复效率；阐述了污染场地土壤质地、污染物性质、淋洗剂性质、淋洗条件优化以及淋洗剂回用效率等因素对淋洗修复整体效用的显著影响；同时指出了目前持久性有机污染场地土壤淋洗法存在的问题和今后国内外研究和应用的方向。综合考虑土壤淋洗修复技术适用范围和成本因素，认为淋洗法是一种较符合我国持久性有机污染场地土壤实情的修复技术，具有较强的针对性和较广泛的运用前景。

英文摘要：

Soil washing is one of the most used physical and chemical methods in remediation of POPs contaminated sites. This method refers to the process of washing the contaminated soil in depth with an object-specific kind of washing solution ; pooling the solution for separation of the pollutants ; recycling the purified solution for reuse ; and safely disposing the pollutants. Owing to differences in position of soil washing at the contaminated site, type of the washing solution and way of the washing, soil washing varies in type, like multi-step washing, washing aided with ultrasound waves, electricity- powered washing, chemical washing, etc. , which can be selected for use site-specifically to enhance effectiveness of the washing. Efficiency of the remediation is obviously affected by a number of factors, such as soil texture, properties of contaminants, properties of the solution, optimal conditions for soil washing and reuse efficiency of the solution. Problems with the soil washing method, orientation of the research in future and its application are also discussed. Considering the scope of its application and cost factors, soil washing is considered a suitable technology in line with the actual status of POPs contaminated sites in China, and may have some prospect of extensive application.