中文摘要：

碳水化合物对昆虫的能量代谢和物质合成具有重要的作用。本研究选用2种一般性生物碱（氢溴酸东莨菪碱和烟碱）以及2种β-葡萄糖苷类化合物（七叶灵和皂角苷）,研究其在不同浓度下对棉铃虫Helicoverpa armigera（H（u｜¨）bner）幼虫体内海藻糖酶活性及相关碳水化合物代谢的影响。结果表明：用饲喂法处理3龄幼虫96 h后,皂角苷对棉铃虫幼虫的活体抑制效果明显,且随添加物浓度增高,棉铃虫死亡率上升,10,20,40 g/L浓度下棉铃虫的均重分别是0.194,0.089和0.034 g,分别为对照的86.99%,39.91%和15.24%。对海藻糖酶活性及其相关代谢酶的测定结果表明,2种苷类化合物显著抑制中肠海藻糖酶活性,饲喂40 g/L皂角苷的试虫中肠海藻糖酶比活力仅是对照组的54.21%;饲喂30 g/L七叶灵的试虫中肠海藻糖酶比活力为对照组的83.73%。而2种生物碱类化合物显著抑制血淋巴和脂肪体中海藻糖酶活性,20 g/L氢溴酸东莨菪碱对棉铃虫血淋巴和脂肪体组织的海藻糖酶活性抑制率分别为7.24%和71.43%;而20 g/L烟碱对试虫血淋巴和脂肪体组织的海藻糖酶活性抑制率为26.29%和33.44%。用氢溴酸东莨菪碱、烟碱和七叶灵处理试虫后,血淋巴海藻糖含量都有所增高。4种化合物能够导致试虫糖原磷酸化酶活性变化,其中,皂角苷在中肠和脂肪体表现为显著抑制作用,而随外源化合物浓度变化,糖原含量和糖原磷酸化酶活性表现为此消彼长关系。饲喂4种植物源化合物的试虫血淋巴中葡萄糖浓度变化和其海藻糖变化一致。本研究证明β-葡萄糖苷类化合物是海藻糖酶抑制剂,在作为先导化合物进行农药创制开发方面具有重要意义。

英文摘要：

In insects,carbohydrates play an important role in both energy metabolism and material synthesis.The main purpose of the present study is to evaluate the effects of four compounds（scopolamine hydrobromide,nicotine,esculin and saponin） on trehalase activity and content of related carbohydrates in larvae of the cotton bollworm,Helicoverpa armigera（H（u｜¨）bner）.The results showed that at 96 h after treatment in larvae with saponin,the larval growth was significantly inhibited,and the mortality was enhanced with the increasing saponin concentration.At the dosages of 10,20,40 g/L saponin,the mean weights of larvae were 0.194,0.089 and 0.034 g,being 86.99%,39.91%and 15.24%of the control, respectively.According to the determined trelalase activity as well as the activities of related metabolic enzymes,β-glucosides significantly inhibited the trehalase activity in the midgut while alkaloid inhibited the trehalase activity in the haemolymph and fat body obviously.Trehalase activity in the midgut was about 54.21%of the control at 96 h after the larvae were exposed to saponin at the dose of 40 g/L,while 83.73%of the control after the larvae were exposed to esculin at the dose of 30 g/L.Trelalase activities in both the hemolymph and fat body were 7.24%and 71.43%of the control,respectively,at 96 h after the larvae were exposed to scopolamine hydrobromide at the dose of 20 g/L,while 26.29%and 33.44%of the control after the larvae were exposed to nicotine at the dose of 20 g/L.Trehalose activity in the hemolymph was all increased by scopolamine hydrobromide,nicotine and esculin.All the four compounds affected the activity of glycogen phosphorylase.Saponin inhibited significantly the activity of glycogen phosphorylase in the midgut and fat body.The glycogen level changed consequently in contrast to the activity of glycogen phosphorylase with the increasing of compound concentration.When the larvae fed with botanical compounds,the change of glucose content in the hemolymph was consistent with that of trehalose cont