中文摘要：

海藻糖酶（Treh）是昆虫能量代谢必不可少的一类酶,亦是昆虫体内几丁质合成通路的第一个酶。其基因表达和酶活性直接与正常发育、蜕皮、变态以及繁殖等昆虫重要生理过程密切相关。目前已有多种昆虫的海藻糖酶基因被成功克隆,从而发现昆虫海藻糖酶基因家族由多个成员组成。海藻糖酶基因所编码的蛋白大多数具有一个信号肽前导区,部分蛋白拥有1～2个跨膜结构域,根据是否具有跨膜结构,可将其分为可溶性海藻糖酶（Treh1）和膜结合型海藻糖酶（Treh2）两类,膜结合型海藻糖酶具有2个特有的标签序列,即＂PGGRFREFYYWDSY＂和＂QWDYPNAWPP＂。海藻糖酶的主要功能是将胞外和胞内的海藻糖降解成葡萄糖,为昆虫的生命活动提供能量。具体表现为两个方面,一是参与昆虫几丁质合成途径,从而调控表皮、中肠等处的几丁质合成;二是通过与激素的协同作用,调控昆虫体内海藻糖和葡萄糖等糖类物质的浓度变化,从而有效保护体内细胞的适应并渡过相应的逆境环境,并提高其抗逆能力。鉴于海藻糖酶的重要功能,其已成为害虫控制的潜在新靶标。不同类型海藻糖酶的功能研究及酶抑制剂的研发与应用将进一步推动害虫生物防治的发展。

英文摘要：

Trehalase （Treh） plays key roles in energy metabolism and is the first enzyme in chitin biosynthesis pathway of insect. Expression profile and enzyme activity of Treh are related to many important physiological processes of insects, including development, molting, metamorphosis and reproduction. To date, two kinds of Treh genes have been successfully cloned in different insect species, and it has been found that the gene family of insect Trehs is composed of multiple members. Most proteins encoded by Treh genes contain signal peptides in their leader regions, and partial proteins possess 1 or 2 transmembrane domains, based on which, Trehs are divided into two types, named the soluble （Trehl） and membrane-bound （Treh2） Trehs, respectively. In addition, there are two specific motifs （＂PGGRFREFYYWDSY＂ and ＂QWDYPNAWPP＂） in Treh2. The core function of Treh is to degrade the extra and intercellular trehalose into glucose in order to provide energy for insects, by participating in insect chitin biosynthesis to regulate chitin synthesis in the cuticle and midgut or cooperating with hormone to control the concentrations of trehalose and glucose dynamically in insects, so in this way insect cells would be effectively protected in adverse environment and their capacities of stress resistance be significantly improved. In view of the important roles it plays in energy metabolism and chitin biosynthesis, trehalase has been a potential novel target for insect pest control. The functional research of trehalase and development of its inhibitors may contribute to the biological control of insect pests in the future.