中文摘要：

背景：3D生物打印已被用于研究打印多种组织,包括皮肤、血管、肝脏、软骨、心脏、耳、脂肪等。目的：综述3D生物打印在不同组织器官中的应用及其在口腔医学中的研究进展。方法：应用计算机检索Pub Med数据库、中国知网数据库2006至2016年发表的有关3D生物打印在组织器官及口腔医学中的应用的研究,检索词为“3D bioprinting,3D printing,organs,tissues,tissue engineering,stomatology,oral,cranio-maxillofacial;3D生物打印,器官,组织,组织工程,口腔医学,口腔颅颌面”。结果与结论：目前,已有相当数量的研究利用增材制造原理打印不同组织器官的3D生物支架,但直接的细胞生物打印技术尚处于早期阶段,尽管3D生物打印已被用于研究打印多种组织包括皮肤、血管、肝脏、软骨、心脏等,但还未有成功的具有相关活性功能的3D生物细胞打印组织进入临床应用,并且在口腔医学中,绝大部分研究仍停留于打印生物支架阶段。由于人类机体结构及各组织器官功能表达的复杂性,未来可能仍需要很长一段时间对打印细胞的来源、生物支架材料、细胞外基质类型及3者之间如何更好的相互作用等方面进行不断探索。

英文摘要：

BACKGROUND： 3D bioprinting has been used to print a variety of tissues including skin, vascular tissues, liver,cartilage, cardiac tissues, ear, and adipose tissues. OBJECTIVE： To review the application of 3D bioprinting technology in printing tissues or organs and its research progress in oral medicine. METHODS： A computer-based retrieval of PubMed and CNKI was performed to search articles concerning the application of 3D bioprinting technology in printing tissues, organs and stomatology which were published from 2006 to 2016, using the keywords of “3D bioprinting, 3D pinting, organs, tissues, tissue engineering, stomatology, oral, cranio-maxillofacial” in English and Chinese, respectively. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION： Direct cell-bioprinting is still in its early stage, even though 3D bioprinting has been applied to print various tissues such as skin, vascular tissues, liver, cartilage and cardiac tissues, etc. Although additive manufacturing technology has been widely used for printing different scaffolds of tissues and organs nowadays, there are no successful bioprinted tissues with biological functions in clinical practice. Even in oral medicine, most of the studies still remain in the stage of printing biological scaffolds. It is a long way to solve the problems such as source of cells, materials of biological scaffolds and types of extracellular matrix in the future, due to the complexity of human organism structure and the function expression of various tissues and organs.