中文摘要：

载体是供插入目的基因并将其导入宿主细胞内表达或复制的运载工具。目前常用的有病毒载体和非病毒载体两类，病毒载体由于转导效率较高且可以用于体内和体外的基因转导，是目前基因治疗研究和临床应用的主要工具，包括逆转录病毒载体、腺病毒载体、腺伴随病毒载体等。慢病毒载体是近来受到广泛注意的一种逆转录病毒载体，由于具有可感染非分裂细胞、目的基因整合至靶细胞基因组长期表达、免疫反应小等优点，适于体内基因治疗，因此有望成为理想的基因转移载体。本文以HIV-1为代表对慢病毒载体构建，结构优化及其在肿瘤基因治疗中的应用作一综述。

英文摘要：

Vector is a transfer tool inserting interest gene to host cell in order to duplicate or expression. It can be classified as two categories ： nonvirus vector or virus vector. The latter including retrovirus, adenvirus, adenvirus - associated virus and so on, is the main vector using in the study of gene therapy , because it could be so efficient to transfer the gene in vitro or in vivo. Lentivirus vector,an kind of retrovirus vector, has been paid much more attention in recent years. It could become an idea vector because it has following characteristic ： infecting non - dividing cell, interest gene integrating the genomic and expressing long term, little immunologic reaction etc. In this article we reviewed the construction of lentivirus vector based on the HIV - 1 ,optimizing in structure and its appliance in cancer therapy.