中文摘要：

目的探讨影响居民日均饮水量的相关因素。方法2009=2010年，采用多阶段分层随机抽样方法抽取270位北京居民，自制结构式调查问卷进行冬夏两次访谈居民日均饮水量调查，采用多水平统计模型分析居民日均饮水量变异特征及其影响因素。结果多水平模型结果显示，居民日均饮水量在村／居委会存在变异[δ2μ0=0．030（0．009），P〈0．05]，个体饮水量也存在不同[δ2e=0．157（0．010），P〈0．05]，季节、性别、体重对日均饮水量有影响（P〈0．05），供水来源和季节有交互作用（P〈0．05）。结论居民日均饮水量受到多个因素影响。进行饮水健康风险评估时，不但需要考虑个体特征，而且需考虑不同村／居委会、季节等因素。

英文摘要：

AbsObjective To investigate the influencing factors for daily water intake of Beijing residents. Methods A muhi-stage sampling method was constructed to interview 270 Beijing residents in the winter of 2009 and in the summer of 2010 by using a questionnaire to collect data on daily drinking water consumption. Multilevel models were used to analyze the variation and influencing factors for the amount of water intake. Results Multilevel model results showed that the average daily water intake of residents living in different villages or neighborhood committees was statisticallyslgmficantδ2μ0 = 0. 030 （0. 009） , P 〈 0.05 ）. The individual variation in the same village or neighborhood committee was also significant （ δ2e=0.157 （0. 010） , P 〈 0.05 ）. Season, gender, and body weight affected the daily water intake （P 〈 0.05）. There were interaction between season and source of water supply. Conclusion The average daily water intake of residents was affected by several factors. In the health risk assessment of drinking water, it needs considering not only the individual characteristics but also the differences of villages/neighborhood committees and the seasonal variation