中文摘要：

以禾本科作物小麦为出发材料，通过优化AFLP选择性扩增步骤的4个限制性因素：Mg^2＋浓度、dNTP浓度、引物浓度和预扩产物稀释倍数，确立AFLP最佳反应体系为：预扩增产物稀释20倍吸取2μL做为选择性扩增模板，混合1．5mmol／L MgCl2，0．2mmol／L dNTPs，0．4μmol／L选扩引物、1U Ex Taq进行选择性扩增。应用该体系分析水稻和玉米两大类禾本科作物基因组DNA样品，同样取得理想结果，扩增出清晰可辨且适量的电泳条带。该技术体系为AFLP分子标记技术在禾本科作物遗传分析中的广泛应用奠定了基础。

英文摘要：

After studying the four factors of selective amplification, Mg^2＋ concenctration, dNTP concenctration, primer concenctration and dilution times of pre-amplified product, the optimized system of AFLP for wheat was built：taking 2 μL of 20 times dilution of preamplification products as amplification template, adding 0.4 μmol/L of selective primer combinations, 1.5 mmol/L of MgCl2, 0. 2 mmol/L of dNTPs and 1 U of Ex Taq polymerase. The AFLP system was confirmed by analyzing the genomic DNA of maize and rice. The results laid a foundation for broadly using the AFLP technology in genetic analysis of gramineous crops.