中文摘要：

籼粳交育种已成为国内最重要的育种方法之一，明确籼粳亚种分化机制是指导籼粳交育种的关键．本文用InDel（插入／缺失）和ILP（内含子长度多态性）标记，对在辽宁省和广东省种植并用单粒传法、混合法及系谱法构建的籼粳交（七山占／秋光）F6代群体进行分析．结果表明：混合法与单粒传法群体无偏分离，粳型判别值（Dj）集中在40％-60％之间；两地系谱法群体总体偏籼（30％～55％），且广东群体（38％）比辽宁（42％）偏籼，两地群体分布呈显著差异．混合法与单粒传法群体中Dj与重要农艺性状基因区域血缘呈显著正相关；而在系谱法中部分正相关被打破，且两地群体籼粳血缘呈规律性分布．表明人工选择是影响籼粳分化的主要因素，并与自然选择协同作用引起群体偏分离现象；群体中一些重要农艺性状的变化与籼粳分化间存在紧密的关系，这可能是影响籼粳交育种在综合亚种优势上未达到预期效果的关键．

英文摘要：

lndica-japonica hybridization is one of the most important breeding methods in China, whereas identifying subspecies differentiation mechanisms is the key in indica-japonica hybridization breeding. By using InDels （Insert/Deletion） and ILPs （Intron Length Polymorphism）, an analysis was made on the F6 populations derived from the hybridization of indica-japonica （ Qishanzhan/Aki- hikari） planted in Liaoning and Guangdong provinces and generated by bulk harvesting （BM）, sin- gle-seed descent methods （SSD）, and pedigree method （PM）. No segregation distortion was ob- served for the BM and SSD populations. The frequency distribution of japonica kinship percentage （Dj） was concentrated in 40%-60%. The PM populations in the two provinces presented indica- deviated distribution （30%-55% ）, with significant difference between Guangdong （38%） and Liaoning （42%）. In addition, there was a significant positive correlation between the Dj and the kinship of functional gene regions in the BM and SSD populations. However, part of the positive correlation was broken in the PM populations that showed a regular distribution in the genotype pat- terns of indica and japonica loci. The above results demonstrated that artificial selection could be the main factor affecting the population differentiation in indica-japonica hybridization, and, with the synergistic effect of natural selection, induced the phenomenon of segregation distortion. Thereexisted a close relationship between the differentiation of subspecies and the important agronomic traits, which could be the main reason why indica-japonica hybridiation breeding could not achieve the expected effect of combining the two subspecies advantages.