中文摘要：

为认识双亲分子与沥青质作用的机理，采用电泳光散射法测定了添加双亲分子前后沥青质溶液和渣油溶液zeta电位的变化，并由此计算了不同条件下胶团的电性斥力位能。实验结果表明，不同沥青质在甲苯溶液中的zeta电位的大小和电荷的正负性并不相同。zeta电位除与沥青质的表面官能团组成有关外，双亲分子A在沥青质表面的吸附也会改变沥青质胶团的zeta电位。可以推断，沥青质胶团在有机溶剂中所带的电荷来自电荷转移作用。双亲分子对不同渣油热反应的影响并不相同，说明沥青质胶团zeta电位与双亲分子端基官能团之间需要一定的匹配性。胶团间电性斥力位能不是影响沥青质胶体稳定性的主要因素。

英文摘要：

In order to elucidate the interaction mechanism between asphaltenes and amphiphile, the zeta potentials of asphaltene solution and residue solution were measured by electrophoresis light scattering method, and the effects of amphiphiles on zeta potential were also investigated. The electrical repulsive potential of colloidal particle at different conditions was calculated from zeta potential. The results showed that different kind of asphaltene had different zeta potential values and different charge nature. The value and nature of zeta potential related to the surface functional group of asphaltene. The adsorption of amphiphile A on asphaltene changed the zeta potential. It could be concluded that the charge of asphaltenes came from the charge transferring between asphaltene and organic solvent or amphiphiles. The effects of different amphiphiles on residue oil thermal reaction were different. The head group of amphiphiles should match the nature of asphaltenes＇ charge. The electrical repulsive potential of colloidal particle was not the main reason of colloidal stability enhancement.