中文摘要：

研究了均相络合萃取、超声作用水洗以及超声作用下的均相络合萃取对于沥青质中Ni、Ca元素的脱除。结果表明,络合常数大的络合剂的脱金属效果较好;超声作用有利于沥青质中Ni、Ca元素的脱除。以上几种方法虽然对Ni的脱除效果不好,脱除率只在5%以下;但是对Ca的脱除效果较好,可以达到90%。表明沥青质中Ni和Ca的存在形式应该是不一样的,Ni以较紧密、牢固的形式存在,而Ca以不太牢固的形式存在。

英文摘要：

Demetallation of asphaltene was studied.The methods of single phase complexation extraction,water washing under ultrasonic irradiation,and single phase complexation extraction under ultrasonic irradiation were compared.The metals studied included nickel and calcium.The result revealed that ultrasonic irradiation was helpful for demetallation.Furthermore,these processes were effective in removing calcium,but not so prominent for removing nickel.The result indicated that calcium and nickel existed differently in asphaltene.Nickel was firmly fixed,but calcium was loose.