中文摘要：

根据相关的二语ERP研究，本文综述并分析了影响二语句法加工的因素。在简要地介绍了事件相关电位（ERPs）以及母语ERP研究后，文章分析了影响二语句法加工的五个因素：第一，习得年龄对二语加工有影响，但其中存在着巨大的争议；第二，二语加工中的ERP效应会随着二语水平和熟练度的发展而发生质的变化；第三，母语和二语之间的相似性也会影响二语者能否达到和一语者类似的加工模式；第四，学习环境也是影响二语句法加工的重要因素，显性学习环境和隐性学习环境会导致不同的加工结果；第五，句法结构难度也会影响二语句法加工，二语者无法像一语者一样加工高复杂度的句法结构。最后，文章总结了上述影响二语句法加工的五个因素，并对以后相关的ERP研究提出了自己的建议。

英文摘要：

Based on related bilingual event-related potentials （ERPs） research, the article reviews and analyzes the factors influencing second language （L2） syntactic processing. After a brief introduction to ERPs and monolingual ERP research, five findings from recent ERP research are explored. Firstly, age of acquisition （AoA） has impacts on L2 processing, but it is highly controversial. Secondly, ERP effect changes qualitatively with the development and proficiency level of L2. Thirdly, similarity between L1 and L2 can decide whether L2 learners can reach to a nativelike processing signature. Fourthly, learning context is also an important factor in L2 syntactic processing, and implicit or explicit context of learning can lead to different results. Fifthly, syntactic complexity can also be an affecting factor, and L2 learners can not processing highly complex syntactic structures as L1 learners do. At last, the article summarizes the above five factors and provides implications and suggestions for future ERP studies.