中文摘要：

采用近红外脑成像技术并结合行为任务,考察中等强度有氧锻炼对认知控制功能的影响及其大脑的血氧变化特征。方法：22名大学生被试通过功率自行车完成20min的中等强度有氧锻炼,在锻炼前及锻炼后被试心率恢复到锻炼前水平时,分别完成认知控制任务。采用多通道近红外脑光谱成像系统记录被试大脑额区的血氧变化。结果：本研究行为结果发现,与基线状态相比,锻炼后,被试对认知任务中涉及认知控制的子成分的反应准确性提高,而对于不涉及认知控制的子成分则没有出现这一效应。这一结果提示短时有氧锻炼对于认知影响具有选择性,即有氧锻炼对于涉及认知控制的任务表现促进更大;近红外脑成像结果发现,与基线状态相比,20min的中等强度有氧锻炼后,被试前额叶的含氧血红蛋白提高,而且被试在完成认知控制任务时前额叶的含氧血红蛋白提高更大,表明大脑额叶脑区激活更大。这一结果提示有氧锻炼后被试在对不断增长的任务需求反应中,大脑额区调制行动控制加工能力更强。结论：20min的中等强度有氧锻炼对认知控制和脑功能有着积极影响,这一影响通过提高抑制任务表现和增强大脑额叶脑区激活而实现。

英文摘要：

By using near infrared imaging technology and combining the behavioral tasks,this paper explores the effect of moderate intensity aerobic exercise on cognitive control function and cerebral oxygenation （Cox）.Methods：22 healthy college students participated in the study which used a within-subjects design.All participants completed 20 min of moderate intensity aerobic exercise in ergometer.When the heart rate returns to the former level before and after exercise,the cognitive control task is completed respectively.Using multi-channel near infrared spectral brain imaging system to record the subjects cerebral oxygenation changes.Results：The behavior of this study found out that,compared with the baseline state,after exercise,the subjects of cognitive tasks involved in the cognitive control of sub components of response accuracy is improved,while the part that does not involve cognitive control component will not exhibit this effect.It suggests that short-term aerobic exercise has selection for cognition,the aerobic exercise for involved in cognitive control task performance has great promotion;Near infrared imaging results show that compared with the baseline state,after 20 min of moderate intensity aerobic exercise,the subjects of the prefrontal oxygenated hemoglobin increased,and the subjects in cognitive control task prefrontal oxygenated hemoglobin increase more,which show a greater activation in frontal brain regions.The findings show that after aerobic exercise subjects in response to growing demand for the task,the frontal area modulation action control processing ability is stronger.Conclusion：20 min of moderate intensity aerobic exercise has a positive influence on cognitive control and brain function,which can be realized by improving the inhibition of task performance and enhancing activation in frontal brain regions.