中文摘要：

简要介绍了场致发射的原理及其相比于热电子发射的优势,阐述了碳纳米管场发射的性能和基于碳纳米管（CNT）场发射X射线管电子源的典型结构,重点讨论了三极式与二极式碳纳米管冷阴极X射线管电子源的最新研究进展和碳纳米管X射线源的成像技术应用。今后碳纳米管场发射冷阴极取代传统的热阴极应用于X射线管电子源,可制成高时间分辨率、体积小、脉冲响应、能耗低和寿命长的微型X射线管,基于这些优势衍生出的新型X射线成像技术将推动临床医疗、安检和工业检测等领域的技术革新。

英文摘要：

The principle of the field emission and its advantages compared with the thermionic emission are briefly introduced,and the performances of the carbon nanotube（CNT）field emission and typical structures of the X-ray tube electron source based on the CNT field emission are presented.The latest research progresses in the triode and diode CNT-based cold cathode X-ray tube electron source are emphatically discussed.And the CNT-based X-ray imaging technique and its application are also introduced.The CNT field emission cold cathode replacing hot cathode for the X-ray tube electron source has gradually become a research hotspot,and the micro X-ray tube based on the CNT field emission cold cathode has the advantages of high time resolution,small size,pulse response,low energy consumption and long life,etc.The new X-ray imaging technique derived from the aforementioned advantages will promote the technology innovation in the areas of the clinical medical,security and industrial detection and so on.