中文摘要：

丛枝菌根（AM）真菌能诱导植物抗病性,而且已有迹象表明该真菌在植物根内形成的丛枝结构与降低土传病害有关。为了进一步探索丛枝发育在AM真菌诱导植物抗病性中的作用,作者于温室盆栽条件下播种大豆（Glycine max）＂鲁豆11号＂同时接种摩西球囊霉（Glomus mosseae,G.m）、幼套球囊霉（Glomus etunicatum,G.e）、大豆胞囊线虫（SCN,Heterodera glycines）3号生理小种、并在其丛枝发育初期、盛期和消解期分别接种SCN二龄幼虫（4000个/株）,同时设置对照。重点测定AM真菌不同发育阶段丛枝对SCN和抗病性的影响。结果表明,G.m或G.e丛枝发育初期、盛期和消解期均能有效地降低根上或根围土壤中的胞囊数量、根内线虫数以及病情指数,其中,G.e的效果优于G.m,其丛枝发育的3个阶段的病情指数分别为37.9、25.4和31.1,显著低于对照53.7。表明AM真菌发育盛期的丛枝抑制SCN、降低病害程度、提高植物抗病性的效应最大。

英文摘要：

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi can induce plant disease resistance,and some evidences show that arbuscule structure formed in plant roots by AM fungi is related to the reduction of soil-born diseases. In order to estimate the role of arbuscule development in plant disease resistance induction,Glomus mosseae （G. m）,Glomus etunicatum （ G. e ）, and physiological race 3 of Heterodera glycines （ SCN ） were inoculated when soybean （Glycine max） cultivar Ludou 11 was sowed,with controls,and another part of mycorrhizal seedlings were added with 4000 J2 of SCN at arbuscule forming stage,full development stage,and decomposing stage respectively,to mainly evaluate the effect of arbuscules in different developing stages on SCN growth and reproduction,and soybean disease resistance. Results showed that the cyst numbers,nematodes in roots and disease indexes were significantly reduced at the 3 stages of arbuscule development of G. e or G. m; G. e showed superior to G. m,its disease index in the 3 stages was 37. 9,25. 4,and 31. 1 respectively,significantly lower than that of control（53. 7）. It was suggested that the arbuscule in the full development stage show the greatest effectiveness of increasing plant disease resistance.