中文摘要：

丛枝菌根真菌（Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi,AMF）在不同生态系统均发挥至关重要的作用,研究其多样性能够为AMF物种资源的保护和利用提供科学依据。AMF不能被离体纯培养以及自身的高变异性等因素严重阻碍了对其进行深入研究,随着研究方法的不断改进,尤其是新一代测序技术的运用,极大加速了人们对AMF物种多样性的认识。本文主要从AMF分类系统、不同宿主植物和不同生境中的AMF物种多样性及AMF物种多样性研究方法（包括形态鉴定、Sanger测序和高通量测序）方面介绍AMF物种多样性研究进展,并且探讨AMF物种多样性研究中存在的主要问题,认为在今后AMF物种多样性研究中不仅要注重运用新的研究手段,还应该着重解决AMF不能离体纯培养的问题。

英文摘要：

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi play important roles in different ecosystems of the world, to understand the species diversity of AMF could provide scientific basics for conservation and utilization of species resources, while the unculturable nature and higher genetic variability of AMF severely hampered the further advances of AMF. With the developing of research methods and application of the next-generation sequencing technology, it could reveal deeper insights into the AMF species diversity. This paper reviewed the advances in AMF classification systems, AMF species diversity in different host plants and habitats, and research methods （including morphological identification, Sanger sequencing and high throughput sequencing） of AMF species diversity and main problems thatoccurred in the study of AMF species diversity were also discussed. It was considered that not only new research technologies should be applied to study AMF species diversity in the future, but also the problem of unculturable nature of AMF should be concerned.