中文摘要：

本研究属于现场实验。实验的目的是从幼儿气质特征出发，探讨幼儿同伴关系促进的有效途径。选取某所幼儿园小、中、大三个平行班166名幼儿作为实验对象，通过教师的气质评定和同伴提名法来确定气质特点和同伴关系水平，然后概括出社交劣势幼儿的气质特点，并根据其气质消极因素，编制教育活动的实验因子。在幼儿园小、中、大班进行为期一年的促进实验研究，结果表明：从幼儿气质特点入手设计的干预教育活动能有效地改变社交劣势地位幼儿的同伴关系。

英文摘要：

Using the peer-nomination method could filter the disadvantaged intercourse children. The temperament questionnaire are administered to 166 children by their teachers. The researchers have devised instructional activities based on their negative factors of temperament and characteristics of age to cultivate their peer relationships. The result of the experiment reveals that the activities could availably promote their peer relationships and the negative characteristics of their temperament.