中文摘要：

摘要原生殖细胞在许多有性生殖动物的胚胎发育早期就已特化出来，并进一步分化为生殖细胞以产生新的子代。动物原生殖细胞的特化主要有生殖质决定和诱导两种模式，果蝇原生殖细胞的特化模式属于前者。研究表明，果蝇原生殖细胞特化过程中生殖质组装的关键基因是osk，其调控下游基因转录产物的定位和翻译，如vas和tud。此外，基因转录沉默是原生殖细胞特化过程的一个重要特征，其与生殖质中的成分如基因nos、gcl、pgc的表达产物密切相关。现对果蝇原生殖细胞特化分子机制进行综述。

英文摘要：

In most sexually reproducing animals, primordial germ cells （PGCs） are set aside from cells in early embryo development. They will give rise to gametes that are responsible for the development of a new organism. There are two kinds of models for specilization of PGCs in animal kingdom, germ plasm decision and induction. The former is taken in Drosophila. The osk gene, which has been proved to play a crucial role in germ plasm assembly, can regulate the location and translation of its downstream genes＇ transcripts, such as vas and tud. Besides, transcriptional silencing, as an important feature during the specilization of PGCs, is closely relative to some components of the germ plasm in Drosophila, mainly including expression product of nos, gcl and pgc. This paper simply summarizes the research progress of PGCs＇ specilization in Drosophila.