中文摘要：

穿孔板广泛应用于噪声控制及扬声器扩声系统等领域．除了每个孔自身的声阻抗以外，各个孔之间的相互作用对整个穿孔板的声阻抗也有一定影响．前人的研究中对于穿孔板声阻抗的处理有3种方法：简化的解析方法、实验方法和数值方法．其中前两种方法有一定的限制条件；第三种方法虽然能较准确地模拟穿孔板的声阻抗，但在实用中还不够方便．针对上述问题提出了另一种简化解析模型来模拟穿孔板的声阻抗．把穿孔板上的每个孔看作一个声源，系统向外辐射的总声场为这些小孔分别向外辐射的声场的叠加．假定单个孔的辐射阻抗已知，以此为基础，计算其余孔与该孔的互辐射阻抗，这样可得到单个孔的总阻抗，从而求得整个穿孔板的总声阻抗．分别应用上述模型和以往模型来模拟两种不同穿孔情况的穿孔板的声阻抗，并进行比较．结果表明，频率升高，孔间的相互作用减小，两种模型模拟的声阻抗差异减小．孔间距增大，孔间的相互作用也减小．利用等效线路图法分别计算出采用这些穿孔板的实际扬声器系统的频响，并在消声室里进行测试．对于前盖板上穿一个孔的扬声器系统，两种模型模拟的结果与实验结果都很相似．对于前盖板上穿3个或7个孔的扬声器系统，上面提出的模型的模拟结果与实验结果更接近，以往模型的模拟结果与实验结果相差较大，尤其是中高频峰值频率的位置相差较多．这说明目前采用的模型更准确，当孔间距不是很大时孔间的相互作用对穿孔板的声阻抗有较大影响．

英文摘要：

The perforated panels are widely used in noise control and loudspeaker systems. Besides the inner acoustic impedance of each aperture, the interactions among apertures have some effects on the acoustic impedance of the perforated panel. The previous studies on the acoustic impedance of the perforated panel use the following three methods： the simplified analytical methods, the experimental methods and the numerical methods. The aforesaid analytical methods and experimental methods are limited due to some special restrictions. Although the numerical methods can predict the acoustic impedance of the perforated panel accurately, it is not convenient in practical situations. A simple analytical model is proposed to simulate the acoustic impedance of the perforated panel. Considering each aperture in the perforated panel as a sound source, the total sound field radiated by the system is the sum of each individual sound field radiated by each aperture. The mutual radiation impedance between one aperture and other apertures is obtained on the basis of the self radiation impedance of the aperture. Then the total impedance of each aperture, including the inner impedance and the radiation impedance, can be obtained. And the total acoustic impedance of the perforated panel can be derived. The proposed model and the previous model are applied to simulate the acoustic impedances of two perforated panels with different perforations, and the differences between two models are compared. It is shown that when the frequency increases, the interactions among apertures become small, and the difference between the acoustic impedances calculated by two models decreases. It is also found that when the distance among apertures increases, the interactions among apertures become small. The equivalent circuit method is used to calculate the frequency responses of actual loudspeaker systems with the perforated panels in front of the loudspeakers, and the acoustic impedances of the perforated panels are calculated with both of the mentione