中文摘要：

随着头戴显示器的轻小型化发展，基于视网膜扫描的头戴显示器逐渐成为近年来虚拟现实领域和头戴显示器领域的一个研究热点。此类显示器通过扫描装置控制激光束进行二维扫描，扫描图像经成像后可直接在观察者的视网膜上进行显示，具有大视场、高亮度、结构紧凑等独特优势，也被称为视网膜扫描显示器。鉴于国内该方向的研究较为薄弱，结合国外视网膜扫描显示器的研究基础，阐述了视网膜扫描显示器的工作原理，论述了该领域的技术发展及关键技术研究现状，总结了视网膜扫描显示器的技术发展趋势和应用前景，为国内相关领域的研究和发展指出了方向。

英文摘要：

Recent years, along with the development of head mounted display （HMD） in lightweight and miniaturization, a new style of HMD which is based on retinal scanning is gradually becoming a research hotspot in both fields of virtual reality and helmet mounted display. With a unique scanning device to control the coherent beam generated by the laser diode （LD） and scan the beam in two dimensions to produce an image, retinal scanning display （RSD） can directly scan an image on the observer′s retina, which has the advantages of large field of view, high brightness and compact structure. Based on the RSD′s research reports and results of foreign countries, the basic principle and technological developments of RSD were briefly summarized. Meanwhile, the current progress and key technology in this field were emphasized. At last, a brief outlook about the future development trends and application prospect of RSD was discussed.