中文摘要：

根据1961-2002年42年中国站点的日最高、最低温度资料，运用累积频率的阈值统计方法，分析了我国东部地区极端高温、极端低温以及全国的温度日较差极端事件的区域性特征．本研究中的极端温度事件的区域性指的是，当某单站发生极端温度事件的同时，全国其余各站也发生同一种极端温度事件的概率分布，即成片发生极端温度事件的区域尺度．对每个研究站点均可寻找出一个与基准站同时发生极端温度事件的高概率站群，近似地用面积指数来表征站点群的区域大小，以此衡量成片发生极端温度事件的区域大小．结果指出：我国东部地区的极端高温、低温事件的面积指数的大值区分布较为一致，我国华南地区、江淮地区、华北地区和东北地区的面积指数的大值区分别集中在江西省和湖南省的南部，江西省北部和长三角地区，陕西省和山东半岛以及内蒙古东北部和黑龙江南部．即说明，无论是极端高温事件还是低温事件，上述地区的区域敏感性均较高，同时发生极端高温（低温）事件的区域尺度较大．四个区域的区域平均的差异表现为：在极端高温事件中，江淮地区的面积指数最大，华北地区的最小．在极端低温事件中，华南地区的面积指数最大，而江淮和东北地区的最小．同时，对温度日较差的极值事件分析可知，极端高值事件的面积指数的大值区位于我国南部地区，小值区则集中在新疆西北西部地区，而温度日较差的极端低值事件的面积指数分布特征为：内蒙古中部、陕西、甘肃等西北地区为大值区，易于成片发生温度日较差的极端低值事件，且面积较广；而我国东北地区，新疆西北部和我国西部地区则为面积指数的小值区．区域平均的温度日较差的极值事件与极端高温事件和极端低温事件的面积指数揭示出温度日较差的

英文摘要：

Based on the 1961 2002 daily maximum and minimum temperature data from 738 stations in China, the regional characteristics of warm extremes, cold extremes and diurnal temperature range （DTR） extremes have been analyzed in this paper A using the method of cumulative frequency distribution（CFD）. When a kind of temperature extremes occurs in a single station, the same temperature extremes have some probability to take place in the remaining stations at the same time. In this study, we focused on the probability distributions. Each site will be found as a base station surrounded by high probability stations. Area index is used to represent the range of the region where temperature extremes occur at the same time with the base station. In the eastern China, the distributions of large area indices of warm extremes and cold extremes are consistent, In order to compare the regional difference of area index, we divide the eastern part of China into four sub-regions as South China, Yangtze-Huaihe Valley, North China and Northeast China. The results illustrate that for the four sub-regions, the large area indices are mainly concentrated in the southern part of Jiangxi and Hunan, the Yangtze River Delta and northern part of Jiangxi, Shanxi and Shandong Peninsula, and the northeastern part of Inner Mongolia and southern part of Heilongjiang, respectively. Comparing the regional average of area indices in the four sub-regions, for warm extremes, the highest is in Yangtze-Huaihe Valley, while the lowest is in North China. And for cold extremes, the highest area index is found in South China, while the area indices in Yangtze-Huaihe Valley and Northeast China are the lowest. However, the DTR extremes are discussed for the whole China, not only the eastern China. For the high DTR extremes, the large area index concentrates in southern part of China, while the area index in northern part oft Xinjiang is the lowest. Area index distributions of low DTR extremes are as follows~ central Inner Mongolia, Shanxi and Gansu are t