中文摘要：

利用冷冻塑形法制备了具有定向孔隙结构的大孔磷酸钙骨水泥支架。利用扫描电镜（scanning electron microscope,SEM）和X射线衍射（X-ray diffraction,XRD）对材料的孔隙结构和物相进行了研究。SEM照片显示：多孔磷酸钙骨水泥具有与冰晶生长方向一致的相互连通的大孔。开口大孔的尺寸在径向能达到150～200μm,在轴向能达到500～1000μm。孔隙的大小可以通过改变冷冻参数进行调节。XRD谱显示：多孔磷酸钙骨水泥中的主要相为弱结晶的羟基磷灰石。材料的孔隙率可以通过调整液固比在70%到90%之间进行调节。实验制备的大孔磷酸钙骨水泥支架是很有希望的骨组织工程支架材料。

英文摘要：

A macroporous calcium phosphate cement scaffold with oriented pore structure is prepared by freeze casting. The pore structure and phases formed were evaluated by scanning electron microscope（SEM）and X-ray diffraction （XRD）. The photographs of SEM show that the porous calcium phosphate cements have interconnected macropores aligned along the ice growth direction and the sizes of the open interconnected macropores can reach 150 lma and 200 lma in their radial dimension and 500--1 000 μm in the axial one. The pore size could be adjusted by the freezing parameters to match the requirements for bone tissue. The XRD patterns of the specimens show that poorly crystallized hydroxyapatite （HA） was the main phase present in the porous calcium phosphate cement. The porosity of the samples could be regulated from about 70% to 90% by the adjustment of the initial liquid to powder mass ratio. The macroporous calcium phosphate cement prepared in this work might be a potential scaffold for bone tissue engineering.