中文摘要：

事件相关的潜在的研究被进行弄明白在表示的感性、语义的层次之间的关系。题目用推迟的 match-to-sample 范例判定了在一件图画样品和一根词火柴之间的语义关系。实验包括匹配审判的三种类型，即，相同火柴审判在这些词有象图画，这些词在范畴匹配图画的范畴的火柴审判，和这些词与图画既不在鉴定也不在范畴匹配的非火柴审判的一样的意思的地方。三个条件唤起显著地不同的象 N400 一样和 P300 ERP 部件。为象 N400 一样否定回答，明确地，非火柴的平均振幅调节最大、最否定去，范畴的火柴，状况是不太否定去的，并且相同火柴，状况在所有三之中是最小的，这调节。另外，仅仅相同火柴条件唤起一个早 P300 部件。至于迟了的 P300 部件，范畴的火柴条件的平均振幅在正面的大脑区域是更柔韧的。相反，非火柴条件的 ERP 在以后的大脑区域是更强壮的。从 250 ～ 450 ms，在相同火柴和非火柴条件之间的差别波浪位于中央区域，和在范畴的火柴之间的差别波浪，非火柴条件发生在恰好正面的区域。我们的结果建议那个跨形式的图画词相同匹配并且范畴的匹配包含不同内在的机制。部件由相同火柴条件唤起的早 P300 的存在为模板匹配和容易模型的理论提供支持。

英文摘要：

An event-related potential study was conducted to make clear the relationships between perceptual and semantic levels of representation. Subjects judged the semantic relationship between a picture sample and a word match using the delayed match-to-sample paradigm. The experiment includes three types of matching trials, i.e., identical match trials, where the words had the same meanings as the pictures, categorical match trials where the words matched the pictures in category, and non-match trials where the words matched neither in identification nor in category with the pictures. The three conditions evoke significantly different N400-1ike and P300 ERP components. Specifically, for the N400-1ike negative responses, the averaged amplitude of the non-match condition is the largest and the most negative-going, that of the categorical match condition is less negative-going, and that of the identical match condition is the smallest among all three conditions. In addition, only the identical match condition evokes an early P300 component. As for the late P300 component, the averaged amplitude of the categorical match condition is more robust in the frontal brain areas. In contrast, ERPs of the non-match condition are stronger in the posterior brain areas. From 250 to 450 ms, the difference waves between the identical match and non-match conditions are located in the central areas, and the difference waves between categorical match and non-match conditions occur in the right frontal areas. Our results suggest that cross-form picture-word identical matching and categorical matching involve different underlying mechanisms. The existence of the early P300 component evokes by the identical match condition provides support for theories of template matching and facilitation model.