中文摘要：

以生物活性高的厌氧颗粒污泥为对象,研究了U（Ⅵ）初始浓度、pH值、颗粒污泥的投加量和SO42-浓度对颗粒污泥处理含U（Ⅵ）废水的效果。结果表明：当U（Ⅵ）初始浓度为9.6 mg/L,湿颗粒污泥投加量为2 g,温度25℃,pH值为6时,对U（Ⅵ）的去除率达98.7%。随着SO_4（2-）浓度的增加,微生物活性增强,SO_4（2-）浓度为8 mmol/L时,反应9 h,溶液中的U（Ⅵ）基本去除。通过环境扫描电镜（SEM）分析颗粒污泥微观结构,SEM表明处理含U（Ⅵ）废水后的颗粒污泥主要以1～3μm的球菌和短杆菌为主,处理较高浓度（9.6 mg/L）含U（Ⅵ）废水后,生物活性较高,细菌数量较多、表面较光滑、形态较匀称,形成团聚结构。能谱分析（EDS）表明颗粒污泥内存在铀。高通量测序技术分析颗粒污泥微生物结构显示存在较多耐铀菌种,所占比重接近20%,颗粒污泥显示出良好的耐铀性。

英文摘要：

The influence of initial U（Ⅵ） concentration, pH value, granular sludge and SO_4～（2-） concentration by granular sludge were studied,which takes uranium resistant granular sludge with high microbial activity as the object. The results indicated that the maximum adsorption occurred at pH of 6 and the removal rate was up to 98. 7 % for initial U（Ⅵ）concentration of 9.6 mg/L and adsorbent dosage of 2 g at 25 ℃. With SO_4～（2-） concentration increased,microbial activity was enhanced,and U（Ⅵ） was removed substantially 9h later,when SO_4～（2-） concentration was 8 mmol/L. Environmental scanning electron microscope（ESEM）was applied to observe the microstructure of the granular sludge. SEM results showed that spherical bacteria treating U（Ⅵ） of initial U（Ⅵ） concentration of 9.6 mg/L,which aggregated together with many bacteria,smooth surface,fine appearance and diameter of 1～3 μm,were the dominant microorganisms in granular sludge. It showed a good resistance to uranium. EDS results showed the existence of uranium in granular sludge. High-throughput sequencing technology analysis of granular sludge microbial structure shows there are many uranium-resistant bacterial species,accounting for nearly 20%. Granular sludge shows good resistance to uranium.