中文摘要：

我国地铁建设和运营里程迅速增加,吸引了大量的客流,缓解了路面交通压力,但同时也给突发事件下的人员疏散带来隐患.地铁车站旅客疏散不同于一般建筑疏散,其在自底向上的疏散过程中受到一系列瓶颈约束,目前尚缺乏相关实验研究.本文设计并开展了地铁车站旅客疏散实验,在相同疏散条件和环境下,比较了垂向疏散连接步梯和扶梯用于疏散的通行效率,以及平面疏散瓶颈转轴式闸机及双开门扉式闸机用于疏散时的通行效率,并对结果可靠性及其差异性原因进行分析.结果表明：在相同疏散条件和环境下,相比步梯而言,自动扶梯具有更好的疏散效率;三杆式闸机可提供高于规范值的通过能力,双开门通过能力更稳定.研究结果不仅为大型地铁车站旅客疏散研究提供基础数据,并对突发事件下疏散方案制定提供有益的借鉴.

英文摘要：

The rapid development of metro system has attracted a large amount of passengers, which makes the ground road network much less congested. However, how to safely evacuate these passengers in the metro system in case of emergency becomes more and more urgent to be solved. The evacuation process of metro station is special because the evacuation is towards upward direction, which is different in normal buildings where people move downward to complete their evacuation. There still lacks studies on this kind of evacuation. Thus this paper in the present study designs and performs a real passenger participated metro station evacuation. Based on the experiment, the emergency evacuation efficiency of escalator and stair in the subway station, as well as the performance of turnstiles and gate-door passengers control devices in the station are extracted and analyzed, data including the average evacuation number of passengers and evacuation time, the flow rates are discussed and compared. Results indicate that escalator performs better than stairs when used in evacuation; the capacity of turnstiles can be larger than regulation values and evacuation gate-door performance is much stable. The research of this paper not only provides basic experimental data for the study of large scale metro passenger evacuation, but also provides a useful reference for the develooment of the underground emergency evacuation olan.