中文摘要：

露天煤矿开采因其爆破、运输、装卸等特殊的生产工艺产生了大量的粉尘,不仅对环境造成严重污染,更制约着煤矿企业的发展。首先介绍了露天煤矿粉尘的来源及分类,分别从人、植物及土壤等角度去阐释露天煤矿粉尘对环境的影响,然后重点介绍了粉尘扩散检测方法中的矿区实地测量法、数值模拟法和高光谱遥感法,进一步从煤粉尘自身的特点和气象因素2方面出发,研究并得出了粉尘扩散检测方法与粉尘的运移扩散规律,最后对未来研究方向进行了展望,以期能为露天煤矿的粉尘防治提供有力的技术与理论支持。

英文摘要：

The mining of Open-pit coal mine will create large amounts of dust because of its special production processes, such as blasting, transportation, loading and unloading, etc. It not only causes serious pollution to the environment, but also restricts the development of coal mining enterprises. At first, this paper introduced the origin and classification of opencast coal mine dust,ex plaining the influence of dust in open pit coal mining on environment from the aspects of human, plant and soil. Then this paper focused on introducing the field survey method, numerical simulation method and hyperspectral remote sensing method in the dust diffusion detection method. From two aspects of coal dust characteristics and meteorological factors, the further study acquired the dust diffusion detection method and the law of the dust migration and diffusion. Finally, in order to provide convincing technical and theoretical support for the dust control in the open pit coal mine, the future research directions are prospected.