中文摘要：

目的 调查深圳市南山区0～6岁儿童血铅水平以及相关危险因素,并探讨危险因素的预防措施.方法2013年12月至2015年12月调查深圳市南山区0～6岁儿童4 325例,测定其血铅水平.结果 深圳市南山区0～6岁儿童中,不同年龄段儿童高铅血症发生率比较差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）.其中＞4～5岁、＞5～6岁儿童高铅血症发生率均高于1～2岁、＞2～3岁、＞3～4岁年龄段,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.003）.男童高铅血症发生率为15.61％（400/2 562）,高于女童9.30％（164/1 763）,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.01）;男童血铅水平为（29.2±12.9）μg/L,明显高于女童（27.1±11.8）tg/L,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）.其危险因素主要来自被动吸烟、家庭环境、卫生习惯以及饮食习惯等方面.结论 为了防止儿童出现高铅血症疾病,促进血液中含铅量有效降低,应避免儿童接触铅严重污染物品、食用铅含量高的食物,促进其养成良好的饮食习惯、卫生习惯.

英文摘要：

Objective To investigate the blood lead level and related risk factors of children aged 0-6 in Nanshan District of Shenzhen city,and to explore the preventive measures of risk factors. Methods The blood lead levels were measured in 4 325 children aged 0-6 in Nanshan District of Shenzhen city from December 2013 to December 2015. Results In children aged 0 to 6 in Nanshan District,4-5-year old,5-6-year old children had the highest incidence of high blood lead, and compared with other age groups, there was significant difference（P〈0. 05）. The incidence of high blood lead in male children was 15.61% （400/2 562）, higher than that of girls （164/1 763） ,and the difference was statistically significant （P〈0.01）. The blood lead level in boys was （29.2±12. 9）μg/L,whieh was significantly higher than that of girls[（27.1±11.8）μg/L], and the difference was statistically significant（P〈0. 05）. The risk factors mainly included the passive smoking, family environment, health habits and eating habits. Conclusion In order to prevent the diseases related to high level of blood lead in children and to promote effective decrease in the amount of lead in the blood, children should be kept away from exposure to lead-polluted goods and foods with a high content of lead,and they should also be educated to develop good eating habits and health habits.