中文摘要：

美国是目前国际上高等教育最发达的国家之一,也是大学治理制度建设相对最完善的国家之一。美国大学治理制度中的权力关系经历了由早期的行政权力占主导地位到学术权力日益凸显的发展演变过程,最终形成了如今共同治理理念下的学术权力与行政权力均衡匹配的模式。在对大学治理的本原性质与治理要义认知的基础上,提出要明晰大学制度与国家制度、大学与政府的职能和关系;通过综合治理调动积极的学术要素,进一步强化学术权威;要因地制宜,避免盲目照搬。这对提高我国大学治理的绩效有重要的理论和现实价值。

英文摘要：

America is a country that has a developed higher education system internationally, and the university governance system construction of America is also one of the most relatively perfect countries. The power relations in the American university governance structure have experienced an evolution process. In early ages the administrative power was in dominant place. Then the academic power played an increasingly important role. Finally the relationships in the governance structure of American universities have reached a balance between academic and administrative power. Based on the cognition of the primitive nature and governance essence of university governance, this essay analyzes the structure and function characteristics of governance system in American universities to seek for general rules of university governance system development. It has important theoretical and practical value to strengthen the construction of college governance system, and improve the performance of university governance in our country.