中文摘要：

目的研究首发精神分裂症患者的N400变异与临床症状和康复的关系。方法对58例精神分裂症首发患者和62名健康成人作了N400检测。并用阳性和阴性症状量表（PANSS）评定患者精神症状。患者组于治疗6月、15月时进行N400随访。结果 （1）与健康成人相比,患者组服药前的N400潜伏期和波幅在Cz、Pz、Fz、C3、C45个脑区明显延迟于对照组和波幅下降。（2）N400潜伏期延迟和波幅下降与阳性症状分和PANSS总分呈负相关。（3）患者组在治疗后的6月、15月随访时,N400潜伏期和波幅有显著性差异（N400潜伏期,非匹配：治疗前446±35ms,治疗6月440±37ms,治疗15月414±31ms,F值=9.72,P〈0.01。N400波幅,匹配：治疗前5.2±4.6μV,治疗6月5.7±4.8μV,治疗15月7.3±5.0μV,F值=2.06,P〉0.05。非匹配：治疗前8.5±5.9μV,治疗6月10.1±5.0μV,治疗15月11.9±7.0μV,F值=3.697,P〈0.05）。结论 N400对精神分裂症的疗效具有一定的预测作用。随访显示精神分裂症的语言及认识缺陷症状是渐进性过程,随着疗程或治疗发生相应变化。

英文摘要：

Objective To explore the relationship between N400 changes and syndromes and rehabilitation in first episode schizophrenia（ FES）. Methods ERP component N400 were recordedin 58 FES before and 6 months,15 months after risperidone treatment,and in 62 normal controls（ NC）. The patients＇ syndromes were assessed by Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale（ PANSS）. And the stimuli are Chinese sentences with matching（ congruent） or mismatching（ incongruent） ending words. Results 1N400 latencies were prolonged and amplitudes were decreased in Cz,Pz,Fz,C3,C4,in FES compared with in NC,before treatment. 2The prolonged N400 latencies and decreased amplitudes were negatively correlated to the patients＇ positive scale and total scale of PANSS. 3There are significant differences of N400 amplitudes and latencies in 6 months and 15 months follow- up after treatment. Before treatment,6 months and 15 months after treatment,N400 latencies are 446 ± 35 ms,440 ± 37 ms,414 ± 31ms（ F = 9. 72,P〈 0. 01） in incongruent situation; N400 amplitudes are 5. 2 ± 4. 6μV,5. 7 ± 4. 8μV,7. 3 ± 5. 0μV（ F = 2. 06,P〉 0. 05） in congruent situation and 8. 5 ± 5. 9μV,10. 1 ± 5. 0μV,11. 9 ± 7. 0μV（ F = 3. 697,P〈 0. 05） in incongruent situation. Conclusion N400 could predict the effects of treatment of schizophrenia to some degree. The linguistic and cognitive disorder in schizophrenia is a stepwise process. They can be improved by treatment and period of treatment.