中文摘要：

目的：评价趋化因子受体4（CXCR4）联合P504S或P63蛋白在前列腺良、恶性疾病诊断和鉴别诊断中的应用价值，为前列腺疾病的诊断、鉴别诊断提供理论依据。方法：采用EnVision两步免疫组织化学方法，检测40例未经任何抗癌治疗的前列腺癌（PCa）和30例良性前列腺增生（BPH）石蜡标本中P504S、CXCR4和P63蛋白的表达情况，结合临床分析CXCR4与PCa转移特征相关性。结果：在40例PCa中，CXCR4蛋白表达阳性率为82．5％（33／40），P504S阳性率为92．5％（37／40），P63蛋白表达阳性率为5％（2／40）。30例BPH组织中，P63表达均为阳性，P504S阳性率为3．3％（1／30），而CXCR4阳性率16．7％（5／30）。P504S联合P63对PCa的诊断正确率要高于CXCR4＋P63和P504S＋CXCR4。PCa中CXCR4表达与癌转移特征相关性具有统计学差异（P〈0．05）。结论：P504S、CXCR4及P63对良、恶性前列腺病变的诊断及鉴别诊断都有一定的参考作用。虽然CXCR4单独应用于诊断特异性差，诊断准确率相对较低，但CXCR4联合P504S或1063诊断准确率高，对前列腺疾病的良、恶性鉴别诊断有重要临床应用价值。

英文摘要：

Objective： To evaluate the application of CXC chemokine receptor-4 （CXCR4） combined with alpha-methylacyl-CoA racemase （P504S） or P63 protein in the differential diagnosis of benign and malignant prostatic diseases. Methods： The EnVision immunohistochemical method was used to detect the expressions of CXCR4, P504S and P63 protein in 40 specimens of PCa not treated by any anticancer therapy and 30 specimens of BPH tissues. The correlation was analyzed between CXCR4 expression and the characteristics of PCa metastasis. Results： Of the 40 cases of PCa, 33 （82.5%） were stained positive for CXCR4, 37 （92.5%） for P504S and 2 （5%） for P63 protein. Of the 30 cases of BPH, 5 （ 16.6% ） exhibited positivity for CXCR4, 1 for P504S and all for P63. P504S ＋ P63 showed a higher rate of correct diagnosis of PCa than either CXCR4 ＋ P63 or P504S ＋ CXCR4. There was a statistieally signifieant correlation between CXCR4 expression and cancer metastasis （P 〈 0.05 ）. Conclusion ： P504S, CXCR4 and P63 are useful tumor markers for the diagnosis and differentiation of benign and malignant prostatie diseases. CXCR4 gives a high rate of correct diagnosis when combined with P504S or P63, and has an important application value in the differential diagnosis of benign and malignant prostatic diseases.