目的探讨自然流产患者官腔镜检查的临床应用价值。方法回顾分析我院2009年1月-2010年6月收治的462例有1次及以上自然流产史行官腔镜检查的临床资料,对其官腔镜检查的结果进行分析,对比1次、2次、3次及以上自然流产后宫腔镜检查的异常发生率,对其妊娠结局进行分析。结果462例中宫腔镜检查异常者占52.6%(243/462),其中子宫先天发育异常14.3%(66/462),以子宫不全中隔最常见8.7%(40/462);获得性子宫异常占38.3%(177/462),以宫腔粘连最常见17.1%(79/462)。发生1次、2次、3次及以上自然流产患者分别占26.0%(120/462)、41.1%(190/462)和32.9%(152/462)。各组宫腔镜检查结果为正常、先天发育异常和获得性异常者分别占50.0%(60/120)、15.8%(19/120)和34.2%(41/120),48.4%(92/190)、14.2%(27/190)和37.4%(71/190),以及44.1%(67/152)、13.2%(20/152)和42.8%(65/152),3组宫腔镜检查结果构成比无统计学差异(X^2=2.272,P=0.686)。在获得性子宫异常中,官腔粘连在发生1次、2次、3次及以上自然流产患者发生率为34.1%(14/41)、42.3%(30/71)和53.8%(35/65),随流产次数增加而升高。术后随访率95.5%(441/462)。1次、2次、3次及以上自然流产后进行官腔镜检查治疗后再次流产率分别为0.8%(1/118)、2.7%(5/186)和9.5%(13/137),差异有显著性(X^2=13.531,P=0.001)。1次自然流产后进行宫腔镜检查治疗后再次妊娠超过28周占43.2%(51/118)。结论宫腔镜检查是自然流产患者早期诊治的简单、准确及必要的手段,建议自然流产患者在1次流产后尽早进行宫腔镜检查,及早干预。
Objective To explore the incidence of uterine anomalies detected by hysteroscopy and the appropriate time for hysteroscopy examination after spontaneous abortion, as well as the outcomes of the patients who underwent the examination. Methods A retrospective study was conducted on 462 patients undergoing hysteroscopy with history of once or more than once miscarriages in Peking University Third Hospital from January 2009 to June 2010. The frequency of uterine anomalies diagnosed by hysteroscopy and the outcomes of pregnancy were compared among the patients with miscarriages for once, twice, and three times or Results Diagnostic hysteroscopy revealed uterine anomalies cavity in 52.6% (243/462) of the patients, including 14.3%(66/462) congenital uterine anomalies and 38.3% (177/462) acquired uterine pathologies. The incidence of incomplete uterine septum (8.7%, 40/462) and uterine adhesion (17. 1%, 79/462) were highest in congenital or acquired uterine anomalies, respectively. Among the patients with miscarriage for once (26.0% , 120/462), twice (41.1% , 190/462) and three times or more (32.9%, 152/462), the detection rates of normal uterine cavity, congenital abnormalities and acquired uterine pathologies were 50.0% (60/120), 15.8% ( 19/120), and 34.2% (41/120) ; 48.4% (92/190), 14.2% (27/190), and 37.4% (71/190) ; and44.1% (67/152), 13. 2% (20/152), and 42. 8% (65/152), respectively. No significant difference existed in the results of hysteroseopie examination among the three groups (X^2 = 2. 272, P = 0. 686). In the patients with acquired uterine anomalies, among those with miscarriage occurred once, twice, and three times or more, the patients with uterine adhesion accounted for 34. 1% ( 14/41 ), 42.3% (30/71), and 53.8% (35/65), respectively. The follow-up rate was 95.5% (441/462) in our patients, and the abortion rate of the next pregnancy was 0.8% (1/118) , 2.7% (5/186) , and 9.5% (13/137) among the patients w