中文摘要：

目的：探讨多囊卵巢综合征（polycystic ovary syndrome,PCOS）患者子宫内膜增生（endometrial hyperplasia,EH）的发生率及相关预测因素。方法：以160例PCOS患者为研究对象,以80例因输卵管因素或男方因素不孕的非PCOS患者为对照组。研究P-COS诊断要素在EH中的作用;比较两组EH的发生率及不同亚型PCOS患者EH的发生率;研究PCOS患者临床特征与EH的关系。结果：月经稀发和高雄激素血症组的EH发生率明显增高（P均〈0.05）;PCOS组EH发生率明显高于对照组（18.75%vs 7.5%,P=0.021）。PCOS患者月经周期〉59天或超声子宫内膜回声异常时,EH发生率显著升高（P=0.005,P=0.003）。结论：月经稀发和高雄激素血症在EH中发挥重要作用,只存在月经稀发或高雄激素血症的可疑PCOS患者亦应重视其子宫内膜病变。PCOS患者EH发生率增高,尤其是月经周期〉59天或存在子宫内膜回声异常者,应高度警惕子宫内膜病变。

英文摘要：

Objective：To explore the incidence and predictive fators of endometrial hyperplasia（EH）in polycystic ovarian syndrome（PCOS）patients.Methods：160 PCOS patients and 80 non-PCOS patients with tubal or male infertility as control group were involved in the study.The pathologic role of PCOS in EH was studied.The incidence of EH was compared between the two groups and among the subtypes of PCOS patients;and the relationship between clinical characteristics and EH in PCOS patients was explored.Results：The incidence of EH in oligomenorrhea group and hyperandrogenism group was significantly elevated（P0.05,P=0.031）.The incidence of EH in PCOS patients was significantly higher than that of the control group（18.75% vs 7.5%,P=0.021）.When menstrual cycle was longer than 59 days or the ultrasound resonance of endometrium was abnormal in PCOS patients,the incidence of EH was significantly heightened.Conclusion：Oligomenorrhea and hyperandrogenism play important roles in EH,and it is necessary to pay attention to the endometrial pathology of doubted-PCOS patients with either oligomenorrhea or hyperandrogenism.The incidence of EH in PCOS patients is higher,especially those with menstrual cycle longer than 59 days or abnormal ultrasound resonance of endometrium.