中文摘要：

为探究重度林火对森林土壤生境因子的影响,以大兴安岭林区火烧迹地为研究对象,监测了火烧迹地和对照样地12个土壤生境因子在3年内的变化。结果表明：1年时间范围内重度林火减小了枯落物层厚度,降低土壤含水率、土壤容重、水稳性团聚体、有机质含量和微生物量碳,但提高了地表午间均温和土壤p H值,增加了土壤铵态氮、硝态氮、有效磷、代换性盐基的含量;而3年时间范围内重度林火导致有的土壤生境因子与对照样地差异越来越大,如枯落物层厚度、土壤有机质含量、土壤容重、水稳性团聚体和硝态氮含量,而有的土壤生境因子则表现出恢复的趋势,如土壤含水率、地表午间均温、土壤p H值、铵态氮含量、有效磷含量、代换性盐基含量和土壤微生物量碳。研究重度林火对各土壤生境因子的影响可为土壤生境质量的评价工作提供基础数据。

英文摘要：

The effects of severe forest fire on the forest soil habitat factors in the high latitude and cold area of Greater Xing＇ an Mountains were studied. Twelve soil habitat factors from burned area and unburned area were monitored in three years. It was founded that, in the 1st year, se- vere forest fire decreased the thickness of the litter layer, soil bulk density, the content of soil water, water stable aggregates, soil organic matter and microbial biomass carbon, while increased the surface soil temperature, soil pH and the amount of soil ammonium nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen, available phosphorus, and exchangeable bases. In the 3rd year, some of the soil habitat factors of the burned area exhibited larger differences compared with the unbumed area, such as the thick- ness of litter layer, soil density, the content of soil organic matter, water stable aggregates and nitrate nitrogen; however, the other soil habitat factors of the burned area showed a trend of re- covery, such as surface soil temperature, pH, soil water content, ammonium nitrogen, available phosphorus, exchangeable bases and soil microbial biomass carbon. Our results can provide basic data for the assessment of soil habitat quality.