中文摘要：

以超级稻南粳9108为材料,根据精确施氮的原理确定施氮量为270kg/hm^2,设置氮肥的基蘖肥∶穗肥比例分别为64、55、46,研究氮肥运筹对采用基质育秧和机插毯苗条件下的水稻产量和群体质量的影响。结果表明,基蘖肥∶穗肥比例分别为64的处理,可以显著增加单位面积上群体的穗数、每穗粒数、总颖花量和千粒质量,显著提高分蘖数和茎蘖成穗率,显著增加有效分蘖临界叶龄期的叶绿素含量,减缓了成熟期倒3叶的叶绿素衰减速率,能显著促进植株干物质积累,特别是显著提高抽穗后干物质的生产积累能力,显著提升颖花/叶和粒重/叶,水稻群体质量较优,产量也高。

英文摘要：

The super rice variety ＇ Nanjing9108＇ was adopted in this study. The total amount of nitrogen applied in each treatment was 270 kg/hm～2 with different ratio of basal-tillering-fertilizer to panicle-fertilizer including 6： 4,5： 5,and 4： 6. Under the seedlings grown with organic matrix and the blanket-seedlings machine planting,the effects of the nitrogen application strategies on population quality and yield were studied. The results showed that the treatment with the ratio of basal-tillering-fertilizer to panicle-fertilizer of 6： 4 had the highest yield,due to its higher spike number and spikelets per panicle based on more and stable panicle number,higher 1000-gain weight than these of other treatments. It could increase tiller number,productive tiller percentage,chlorophyll content in the critical leaf age of valid tiller significantly,reduce the decreasing rate of chlorophyll content in the third leaf from the top in the mature stage. It could also significantly promote dry matter accumulation,especially after heading,and significantly improve spikelet/leaf and grain weight/leaf,and its population quality was the best.