物种编目及其科属系统排列是了解生物多样性的基础,本文采用Flora of China使用的分类系统,结合最新分子分类学研究成果以及近几年发表的新资料,对中国石松类和蕨类植物多样性和地理分布数据进行了统计和分析。结果表明中国共有石松类和蕨类植物40科178属2,147种5个亚种118个变种,其中特有种839个,占总种数的39.08%。种数最多的5个科依次为鳞毛蕨科(505种,含种下单位,下同)、蹄盖蕨科(323种)、水龙骨科(280种)、凤尾蕨科(266种)和金星蕨科(209种);种数最多的5个属依次为耳蕨属(eolystichum,209种)、鳞毛蕨属(Dryopteris,176种)、蹄盖蕨属似thyrium,137种)、双盖蕨属(Diplazium,98种)和凤尾蕨属(Pteris,97种)。在地理分布上,种数排名前5的省份为云南(1,365种)、四川(875种)、贵卅1(838种)、广~(785种)和台湾(779种)。含中国特有石松类和蕨类植物的科属中,排前3位的科分别为鳞毛蕨科(257种)、蹄盖蕨科(169种)和风尾蕨科(113种);排前3位的属为耳蕨属(140种)、蹄盖蕨属(82种)和鳞毛蕨属(61种)。
The species catalogue and phylogenetic arrangement are the basis of species diversity studies. We collated the latest lycophytes and ferns in China found in recent years using the system from Flora of China. There are 2,147 species, 5 subspecies, 118 varieties, 178 genera and 40 families of lycophytes and ferns in China, including 839 endemic species, which accounts for 39.08% of total species. The top five families are Dryopteridaceae (505 species, including subspecies and varieties), Athyriaceae (323 species), Polypodiaceae (280 species), Pteridaceae (266 species) and Thelypteridaceae (209 species). The top five genera are Polysti- chum (209 species), Dryopteris (176 species), Athyrium (137 species), Diplazium (98 species) and Pteris (97 species). The following five provinces are rich in lycophytes and ferns: Yunnan (1,365 species), Sichuan (875 species), Guizhou (838 species), Guangxi (785 species) and Taiwan (779 species). Endemic species are rich in families including Dryopteridaceae (257 species), Athyriaceae (169 species), and Pteridaceae (113 species) and genera of Polystichum (140 species), Athyrium (82 species), and Dryopteris (61 species).