中文摘要：

以基坑插入比和宽高比作为主要影响因素，采用有限元法对基坑开挖全过程数值模拟，分析基坑开挖应力应变变化规律。结果表明基坑宽高比对水平应力变化比较敏感，插入比对基坑变形比较敏感。最后对基坑侧压力系数进行了理论推导，验证了数值模拟结果并指出了理论公式的局限性。

英文摘要：

In order to study the stress-strain characteristics of the excavation, the finite element method was used to simulate different construction schemes of the excavation by changing the in- sertion ratio and the ratio of width and height. The result showed that the ratio of width and height was sensitive to horizontal stress and the insertion ratio was sensitive to the deformation in excavation. Lateral pressure coefficient were derived theoretically and compared with the simulat- ed results for verification, then the limitation of the theoretical formula was discussed.