中文摘要：

【目的】在两种环境条件下对水稻籽粒长宽比进行QTL定位分析，为水稻分子标记育种提供依据。【方法】利用由穗型差异较大的水稻Milyang 46和FJCD建立的一个包含130个株系的F10重组自交系，测定其在福建省武夷山和莆田大田环境条件下水稻籽粒长宽比，并进行QTL定位。【结果】在福建省武夷山和莆田环境下分别获得1和5个与水稻籽粒长宽比相关的加性QTL，即qLWR-7-2和qLWR-4-10、qLWR-5-1、qLWR-5-9、qLWR-7-2、qLWR-10-1，位于第4、5、7、10号染色体上， 加性效应分别为-0.1850和-0.1578、-0.2041、-0.0797、-0.1464、-0.1400，对表型变异贡献率分别为27.78%和14.28%、23.89%、3.64%、12.29%、11.24%。【结论】该水稻群体籽粒长宽比的遗传效应以加性为主，获得的5个主效QTL尤其是qLWR-7-2在育种应用上具有一定潜力。

英文摘要：

【Objective】QTL analysis of length-width ratio in rice （Oryza sativa L.） under different environments was conducted to provide references for rice molecular marker assisted breeding. 【Method】A RIL including 130 lines and F10 recombine inbred line was derived from Milyang 46 and FJCD with vast ear type differences to measure rice length-width ratio in Wuyishan City and Putian City, Fujian Province. The QTL mapping of rice length-width ratio was conducted. 【Result】Six additive QTLs （1 in Wuyishan City ＆ 5 in Putian City）,viz. qLWR-7-2 and qLWR-4-10,qLWR-5-1,qLWR-5-9,qLWR-7-2,qLWR-10-1 were detected, which were located in chromosome 4, 5,7 and 10, and the additive effective were -0.1850,-0.1578,-0.2041,-0.0797,-0.1464,-0.1400. The contribution rates for phenotype variance were 27.78%, 14.28%, 23.89%, 3.64%, 12.29% and 11.24%, respectively. 【Conclusion】Genetic effect of length-width ratio in rice was additive genetic effect based, and 5 main effect QTL especially qLWR-7-2 had breeding potential.