中文摘要：

目的：观察非特异性磷酸二酯酶抑制剂己酮可可碱对热暴露大鼠的保护作用。 方法：实验于2005-04／09在军事医学科学院基础医学研究所脑保护与可塑性研究实验室完成。选择清洁级Wistar大鼠20只，随机分2组，热暴露组，己酮可可碱组，各10只。动物禁食12h后开始实验。热损伤方法：使用超级恒温水浴，连接有机玻璃夹层水循环仓，控制室温23～24℃，水浴锅内水温42．0-42．5℃，稳定1h以上，保持热循环仓实测温度41．0-41．5℃。大鼠测定基础体温（直肠温度）后，置入热仓中，入热仓后每5min测定1次直肠温度，至动物死亡。记录大鼠在热仓中的存活时间。己酮可可碱组在腹腔注射己酮可可碱（100mg／kg）后1h进热仓。观察肛温变化及大鼠在热仓中的存活时间。 结果：纳入动物20只。均进入结果分析。①己酮可可碱对热暴露条件下大鼠肛温变化的影响：进入热仓后，大鼠肛温快速上升，到达42．1℃的时间约为26min。给予己酮可可碱腹腔注射后1h，大鼠肛温较基础体温有所下降（P〈0．01）；己酮可可碱组大鼠进入热仓后体温上升速度较热暴露组缓慢，入仓后5，10，15，20，25min，大鼠肛温分别较热暴露组下降1．1℃（P〈0．01）。1．2℃（P〈0．01）。1．4℃（P〈0．01）。0．8℃（P〈0．01）。1．0℃（P〈0．05）；肛温到达42．1℃的时间延长至32min（P〈0．01）。②己酮可可碱对热暴露条件下大鼠存活时间的影响：热暴露组大鼠进入热仓后存活时间约为2678s，给予己酮可可碱预处理后，己酮可可碱组大鼠在热仓中存活时间延长16％（P〈0．01），达到3206s。结论：己酮可可碱对热暴露大鼠具有保护作用。

英文摘要：

AIM： To observe the protective effect of pentoxifylline, a nonspecific phosphodiesterase inhibitor, on rats in heat exposure. METHODS： The experiment was accomplished in the Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Academy of Military Medical Sciences from April to September in 2005. Twenty Wistar rats of clean degree were randomly assigned to 2 groups： heat exposure group （n=10） and pentoxifylline group （n=10）. The experiment began after the rats were fasted for 12 hours. The method of heat injury： A DKB-501A high precision water bath and circulation chamber of water was used, the environment temperature was kept at 23-24℃, the water temperature was kept at 42.0-42.5 ℃ for more than 1 hour, and then the temperature in the chamber was in the range of 41.0-41.5 ℃. After the basic body temperature （colonic temperature） was measured, the rats were put into the heat chamber. Colonic temperature was measured every five minutes from entering the heat chamber to their death. The survival time in the chamber was recorded. In the pentoxifylline group, the rats were put into the heat chamber at 1 hour after they there given intraperitoneal injection of pentoxifylline, and the change of the rectal temperature and survival time of the rats in the heat chamber were observed. RESULTS： All the 20 rats were involved in the analysis of results. ① The effect of pentoxifylline on the change of rectal temperature of rats in heat exposure： The rectal temperature of the rats was raised quickly after entered the heat chamber, and it took about 26 minutes to reach 42.1 ℃. The rectal temperature of rats in the pentoxifylline group at 1 hour after the intraperitoneal injection of pentoxifylline was decreased as compared with the basic body temperature （P 〈 0.01）. After entered the heat chamber, the rectal temperature of rats in the pentoxifylline group increased more slowly than those in the heat exposure group, and the rectal temperature at 5, 10, 15, 20 and 25 minutes was decreased by 1.1 ℃ （P〈