中文摘要：

使用基于数字图像相关法的三维全场散斑测量方法对Q235 T型板的立板和底板在MIG焊接过程中及焊后的变形状态进行了实时跟踪,从而获得立板和底板的变形规律。结果表明：两板在焊接开始和结束时表面位移基本为0;在焊后冷却时底板的z方向位移最大,立板的y方向位移也最大。底板在z方向发生角变形,且冷却阶段底板的变形角度比焊接结束时大;在焊接结束和冷却时间较短时,底板形状为中部轻微向下凹,而随着冷却时间增加,底板形状变为中部向上凸,且最大值与最小值之差接近4 mm。立板在y方向也发生角变形,但焊接结束时和冷却阶段的角变形方向相反。在焊接结束和冷却时间较短时,立板形状呈波浪形,随着冷却时间增加,立板形状变为中部向上凸。

英文摘要：

The real-time tracking of deformation state of vertical plate and bottom plate of Q235 T plates in MIG welding process and after welding process was carried out by using the three-dimensional speckle measurement method based on digital image correlation method, and the deformation laws of vertical plate and bottom plate were obtained. The results show that the displacement of two plates is almost zero at the beginning and end of welding. During cooling after welding, the z direction displacement of bottom plate is the maximum, and the y direction displacement of vertical plate is the maximum. The bottom plate has angular deformation in z direction, and the deformation angle in cooling stage is bigger than that at the end of welding. At the end of welding and when the cooling time is short, the bottom plate is slightly concave in the middle, and with the increase of cooling time, the plate shape changes into middle convex, and the difference between the maximum deformation and the minimum deformation is almost 4 mm. The vertical plate has angular deformation in y direction, but the angular distortion at the end of welding and in cooling stage is opposite. At the end of welding and when the cooling time is short, the vertical plate shape is wavy and with the increase of cooling time, the plate shape changes into middle convex.