中文摘要：

2000年以来中国农村政策全面调整，新的政策方向是：减轻农民负担，实行农业补贴，全面开展新农村建设。在新的农村政策指导下，最近lO年来农村改革和建设取得了显著成效，主要表现为：农民收入持续增长、生活水平提高，生产条件改善、产出增加，农村居民进入全面保障阶段，农村基础设施建设普遍加强，农村公共事业得到长足发展。农村建设和发展的主要经验是：中央财政支持是主导力量，地方政府的组织推动是关键，改善农村环境条件是突破口，帮助农民做好规划是基础，建设坚强有力的基层组织是保障。目前农村建设中存在的不足是：尚未形成稳定的投入支持机制，农民主体作用尚未充分发挥，基础环境建设与培育新型农民不平衡；这些也正是今后要着力解决的问题。

英文摘要：

China＇s rural policy has been undergoing a comprehensive adjustment since 2000, which aims to reduce farmers~ burdens, give a subsidy to agriculture and carry out an overall new rural reconstruction. With the guidance of the new rural policy, rural reform and construction have achieved significant advances in the last ten years, which includes that farmerg income continuously increases, their living standard grows, production condi- tion and output improves, rural residents enjoy overall security, rural infrastructure consolidates universally, and public utilities construction in countryside makes great headway. The main experiences of countryside construction are that： the financial support from the central government is the dominant force, organization and promotion from the local government is the key, improvement of rural environment is the breakthrough, helping farmers make plan is the foundation, and powerful organization at the grass-roots level is the guarantee. At present, the shortages of countryside construction are that： the stable system of investment and support hasn＇t formed, the leading effection of farmers hasn＇t developed, the basic environment constructing and farmers cultivating in the new time is unbalanced, which are also the priorities for solving in the future.