中文摘要：

应用聚类分析方法对分布在乌鲁木齐南部山区森林生态系统中朽木生地衣群落进行了数量分类并对群落结构、物种多样性、相似性和均匀度等群落参数进行了比较系统的研究。结果表明,乌鲁木齐南部山区的朽木生地衣共计40种,隶属于6目12科和20属,朽木生地衣形成4种群落：（1）枪石蕊＋喇叭石蕊群落;（2）亚花松萝＋茸刺褐梅＋优果小网衣群落;（3）犬地卷＋分指地卷＋裂芽地卷群落;（4）柳茶渍＋土星猫耳衣＋粉石蕊群落。群落3和群落4的相似性比较高为0.768,次为群落2和群落3的相似性为0.647;群落2的多样性最大为1.957,群落4的多样性最小为1.365。同时发现在乌鲁木齐南部山区森林生态系统中朽木生地衣群落的分布与海拔高度和朽木的种类有密切的关系,不同海拔的不同类型的森林生态系统中分布着不同种类的朽木生地衣植物。

英文摘要：

Community structure and species diversity of the saprophytic lichens in forest ecosystem of mountainous area of southern Urumqi were analyzed using the cluster analysis methods.Forty saprophytic lichen species belonging to 20genera in 12 families of 6 orders were found in this ecosystem.According to the results of multivariate analysis and universal characteristics of habitat,the saprophytic lichen community in this forest ecosystem can be classified into four types：Cladoniaconiocraea＋C.chlorophaea （Flk.ex Sommerf.） community;U.subfloridanaStirt＋M.subargenifera （Nyl.） Essl＋L.euphorea （Flk.） community;P.canina （L.）Wild.＋P.didactyla （With.） Lound.＋P.praetextata （Sommerf.） community;L.saligna （Schrad.）＋ L.saturninum （Dick.） Nyl.＋C.fimbriata （L.） community.The community 2 has highest species diversity （1.957） and community 4 has the lowest （1.365）;the similarity between the community 3 and 4 is 0.768 and community 2 and 3 is 0.647.Altitude and substrate types were important environmental factors influencing the structural patterns of saprophytic lichen community in this area.