中文摘要：

开展集体行动不仅要考量其合法性，也要考量集体行动的效率。从经典的激励机制设计和社会选择理论中得不出能实现集体行动效率的现实可行途径。公共选择理论认为，集体行动效率的制度含义是达成对集体行动的一致同意，这种一致同意是可以在对集体行动的讨论过程中形成的。

英文摘要：

We should consider not only legitimacy but also efficiency when we take collective action. We could not get practical method from classical theory of mechanism design and social choice. In theory of public choice, institutional meaning of ＂efficiency of collective action＂ is consensus, which is formed in the process of discussion on the collective action.