中文摘要：

本研究旨在观察羊驼睾丸的出生后发育和精子发生过程中的细胞凋亡及凋亡相关蛋白Bcl2和Caspase3的定位。取材新生、12月龄和24月龄羊驼的睾丸,用TUNEL法检测睾丸发育和精子发生过程的细胞凋亡,用免疫组织化学技术检测凋亡相关蛋白Bcl2和Caspase3在羊驼出生后发育和精子发生过程中的定位。结果显示在新生羊驼睾丸未检测到TUNEL阳性细胞,Caspase3和Bcl2表达于间质细胞,提示在新生期凋亡蛋白参与间质细胞凋亡的调节,为曲精小管的发育提供空间;12月龄羊驼睾丸TUNEL阳性细胞定位于曲精小管中央部分,Caspase3和Bcl2定位于间质细胞和曲精小管中央生殖细胞,提示在青春期（12月龄）羊驼睾丸,细胞凋亡和凋亡相关蛋白参与曲精小管管腔形成的调节;24月龄羊驼睾丸TUNEL阳性细胞定位于精原细胞、精母细胞和精子细胞,Caspase3和Bcl2定位于间质细胞和各个发育阶段的生精细胞,Caspase3阳性细胞在精原细胞最高,向精母细胞和精子细胞逐渐减少,Bcl2在精原细胞弱阳性表达,在血睾屏障以内的曲精小管近腔室部分呈弥散性强阳性表达,提示在性成熟（24月龄）羊驼睾丸精子发生过程中,细胞凋亡主要发生于精原细胞和早期精母细胞,Bcl2可能抑制精母细胞之后生殖细胞的凋亡。结果提示在羊驼睾丸出生后发育和精子发生过程中存在细胞凋亡现象;凋亡蛋白Caspase3和Bcl2参与羊驼睾丸发育和精子发生过程中细胞凋亡的调节。

英文摘要：

To investigate apoptosis and localization of apoptotic related proteins in alpaca testis during the process of postnatal development and spermatogenesis,testicular tissues were collected from male alpacas at neonatal,12 and 24 months of age.Apoptotic activity was studied by TUNEL（terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end labeling） method,the distribution of apoptotic related proteins Caspase3 and Bcl2 in testes were examined by immunohistochemical method.Results showed that TUNEL-positive cell wasn′t observed in neonatal testis.While Caspase3-positive and Bcl2-positve cells were observed in the interstitial compartment of neonatal testes.These indicated that apoptotic proteins involved in the apoptotic process of interstitial cells,and gave a space for seminiferous development.In the testes of 12-month-old alpacas,TUNEL-positive cells were observed in the central part of seminiferous,Caspase3-positive and Bcl2-positive cells were observed in the interstitial compartment and central part of seminiferous.These founding gave a clue that apoptosis and apoptotic proteins involved in the process of lumen′s formation of seminiferous of puberty（12-month-old） alpaca testis.At 24 months of age,TUNEL-positive cells were observed in the spermatogonia,spermatocytes and spermatozoa,Caspase3-positive and Bcl2-positive cells were observed in the interstitial compartment and all stages of germ cells.Caspase3 localized mainly in the spermatogonia and early spermatocytes,while Bcl2 took a preferential adluminal compartment staining pattern in the seminiferous tubules.These results indicated that apoptosis mainly occurred in spermatogonia and early stage of germ cells development,Bcl2 might inhibit the germ cell death of postspermatocyte during the process of spermatogenesis.Apoptosis involved in the process of postnatal testes development and spermatogenesis in alpaca.Apoptotic related proteins Caspase3 and Bcl2 involved in the regulation of apoptosis during the process of postnatal development and sp