中文摘要：

抗菌肽是一类具有多种生物活性的、由生物机体产生的小分子肽类物质，是机体先天性免疫的重要组成部分，具有广谱杀灭细菌、真菌、病毒、寄生虫甚至肿瘤细胞的生物活性。与抗生素相比，抗菌肽具有无污染、不易产生耐药性、毒性小等优点，完全符合绿色环保饲料的要求，是理想的抗生素替代品。近年来，伴随基因工程技术的快速发展，对抗菌肽体外表达的研究也取得了较大的进步，许多相关产品相继问世，从而为抗菌肽的大规模开发生产奠定了基础。文章就天然抗菌肽的特点及其基因工程进展进行了阐述，以期为大量获得抗菌肽从而促进抗菌肽的应用提供参考。

英文摘要：

Antibacterial peptide was a kind of small molecule polypeptide, and manifested multiple biological activities, which was produced in living organisms. It was the important component of innate immunity. That manifested broad - spectrum biological activities of killing bacteria, fungi, viruses, parasites and tumor cells. Antimicrobial peptide manifested advantages compared with antibiotics, such as no pollution, no drug resistance and little toxicity. It fully met the requirements of green feed, and was an ideal antibiotic substitute. The study on the expression of antimicrobial poptides in vitro had made a great progress with the rapid development of gene engineering technology in recent years. Many related products had been described. It lald the foundation for large - scale development of antimicrobial poptides. In this paper, the progress in characteristics and gene engineering were reviewed. It provided reference for obtaining a large number of antibacterial poptides, in order to promote the application of antibacterial peptides.